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Classical Considerations: Leonard Bernstein’s Still Teaching

Cover of The Infinite Variety of Music

Nothing in the world opens a subject up quite like an excellent teacher. And in The Infinite Variety of Music, readers gain access to one of the greatest musical educators of all time: Leonard Bernstein. A towering figure in American music, Bernstein was not only a prolific composer and conductor but also a passionate teacher who dedicated himself to making classical music accessible to all. This book is a treasure trove of his wisdom, featuring a variety of materials—from lecture scripts and guided analyses to essays and a classical-style dialogue.

What makes it even more remarkable is the multimedia experience it offers: for every script in the book, there is a corresponding, freely available video where Bernstein brings the music to life with his voice, his piano, and his orchestra. Together, these resources make The Infinite Variety of Music an indispensable guide for anyone eager to deepen their understanding of classical music.

Leonard Bernstein teaching in front of a chalkboard

I have many times been frustrated with the difficulty of studying music. One can read music with the best of them and still be stymied by the fact that notes on a stave are fundamentally different from those same notes played by an orchestra. This gets to the very foundations of a musical education. How can one learn the advantages of a particular note or rhythm if they are not being played for them?

That is precisely the advantage of this book: here you have the words themselves alongside the black and white staves which make up the visual component of music, but read in conjunction with the original telecasts (all of which are available for free on YouTube), the words and notes come to life.

When Mr. Bernstein, in the third chapter, teaches you about the differences between rhythm and meter and has recourse to certain iambs of Shakespeare, one need not be able to read the specialized punctuation used to show stresses in the book—you can hear the natural progression from word, to beat, to orchestration as the composer himself performs each of these evolutions.

Reading through The Infinite Variety of Music, I was struck by what a deep gift it is to give someone a musical education they previously lacked the words to describe. This gift is certainly true of the early chapters where Mr. Bernstein discusses the impact of jazz and the inheritance of Mozart, but it is more keenly felt in the analyses that populate the end of the book.

With these texts (along with their accompanying audio), we are truly given a gem from posterity. Having read along with Mr. Bernstein as he examines Beethoven’s Symphony No. 3 in E-flat Major, I now feel that I understand that symphony infinitely better and at a level of depth fundamentally inaccessible to me beforehand.

And to understand something—even to have the keys to understanding something—is to forever possess it. So what a gift then! These are not trifling things; Beethoven’s 3rd, Tchaikovsky’s 6th, Brahms’ 4th—these are enduring triumphs of the age of classical music, and it is only now, after being introduced to them through the eyes and ears of Mr. Bernstein, that I finally feel that I, in some part, possess them in that intimate way that comes with glimpsing the noumenal core of a thing.

The essays and dialogue that accompany these scores are not without value, of course. Mr. Bernstein addresses the philosophy and practice of American music with a degree of insight and erudition that few but the highest-level practitioners could hope to achieve. However, reading through these more academic works made me all the more keenly feel the advantage of having his voice and, more importantly, his piano to demonstrate the concepts he referenced.

Mr. Bernstein was a true American treasure, to be sure, but it is only when armed with his words and his voice and his orchestra that the full value of The Infinite Variety of Music is brought to bear.

– Matt Young

Now Playing

String Quartet No. 14 in D minor, D. 810 "Death and the Maiden"

Composed by

Franz Schubert, orch. by Gustav Mahler

Performed by

Moscow Soloists/Bashmet

Label

RCA Red Seal

Catalog Number

60988

Today's Playlist

1:01am Violin Sonata No. 2 in D minor, Op. 121

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Robert Schumann (1810-1856)

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Wan/Richard-Hamelin

1:34am Impromptu in F minor, D. 935 No. 1

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Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

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1:46am Allegro from Violin Concerto No. 23 in G

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Accadmia I Filarmonici/Sisillo/Ranieri

2:00am Symphonie fantastique, Op. 14

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Boston Symphony/Munch

2:47am Cello Suite No. 2 in D minor, BWV 1008

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Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)

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Sergey Malov

2:59am Quintet in E flat for Piano & Winds, K. 452

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Perahia/English Chamber Orchestra

3:25am Love-Death (Liebestod) from Tristan and Isolde

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Richard Wagner (1813-1883)

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Bamberg Symphony Orchestra/Hrusa

3:34am Suite from The Invisible City of Kitezh

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Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908)

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Scottish National Orchestra/Jarvi

4:00am Legends, Op. 59

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Bournemouth Symphony/Serebrier

4:40am Flute Concerto in A

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Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714–1788)

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Hunteler/Amsterdam Baroque/Koopman

5:00am Quintet No. 6 in G minor

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Antonio Soler (1729-1783)

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Schrader/Chicago Baroque Ensemble

5:23am Concerto in G for 2 Mandolins, RV 532 (performed on guitar)

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Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)

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Sollscher/Camerata Bern/Furi

5:36am Overture No. 4 in F

Composed by

Francesco Veracini (1690-1768)

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Musica Antiqua Cologne/Goebel

5:51am Music selected by the announcer

6:01am Concerto in F for 3 Violins from Tafelmusik, Part II

Composed by

Georg Philipp Telemann (1681-1767)

Performed by

Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra/Koopman

6:15am Sonata No. 12 in C, "The Ascension"

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Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Biber (1644-1704)

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Podger/Swiakiewicz/Manson/Miller

6:24am Egdon Heath, Op. 47

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Gustav Holst (1874-1934)

Performed by

Winnipeg Symphony/Tovey

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Frederic Chopin (1810-1849)

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Jon Nakamatsu

6:55am Valse fantastique from Raymonda, Op. 57

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Alexander Glazunov (1865–1936)

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London Symphony/Butt

7:00am Overture to The Merry Wives of Windsor

Composed by

Otto Nicolai (1810-1849)

Performed by

Vienna Philharmonic/Boskovsky

7:11am For the Whole World

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Joseph Hellmesberger II (1855-1907)

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Vienna Philharmonic/Thielemann

7:19am In a Summer Garden, a Rhapsody

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Frederick Delius (1862-1934)

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Welsh National Opera Orchestra/MacKerras

7:35am Symphony No. 5 in G

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Jiri Benda (1722-1795)

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Salieri Chamber Orchestra/Pal

7:48am Hebrides Overture, Op. 26

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Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)

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London Symphony/Abbado

8:00am Spanish Dance No. 7, "Valenciana"

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Enrique Granados (1867-1916)

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Angel & Celedonio Romero

8:08am Trio Sonata No. 3 in E flat

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George Frideric Handel (attributed)

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Convivium

8:20am Memory of A Summer Night in Madrid

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Mikhail Glinka (1804-1857)

Performed by

Tchaikovsky Moscow Radio Symphony/Fedoseyev

8:30am Ballet des Plaisirs

Composed by

Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)

Performed by

Aradia Baroque Ensemble/Mallon

8:45am Carnaval Overture, Op. 45

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Alexander Glazunov (1865–1936)

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Boston Pops/Fiedler

8:55am Music selected by the announcer

9:01am Sonatina in D, D. 384

Composed by

Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

Performed by

Stoltzman/Goode

9:15am Francesca da Rimini, Op. 32

Composed by

Peter I. Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)

Performed by

USSR Radio and TV Orchestra/Ovchinnikov

9:39am Trio, Op. 24

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Nikolov/Phillips/Bensaid

10:00am Symphony No. 092 in G, "Oxford"

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Performed by

Vienna Philharmonic/Bohm

10:31am Suite in G for 2 Viols

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Marin Marais (1656-1728)

Performed by

Smithsonian Chamber Players

11:00am Concerto Grosso in D minor, Op. 6 No. 10

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George Frideric Handel (1685–1759)

Performed by

Bath Festival Orchestra/Menuhin

11:16am Adagio in G minor

Composed by

Tomaso Albinoni (arr. Remo Giazotto)

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Capella Istropolitana/Edlinger

11:29am Piano Sonata No. 16 in C, K. 545

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

Performed by

Marc-Andre Hamelin

11:39am String Symphony No. 07 in D minor

Composed by

Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)

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Concerto Cologne

12:00pm Symphony No. 8 in B minor, D. 759 "Unfinished"

Composed by

Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

Performed by

Slovak Philharmonic/Halasz

12:27pm Rossiniana

Composed by

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Performed by

Buffalo Philharmonic/Falletta

12:49pm Romantic Waltz No. 3 for Two Pianos

Composed by

Emmanuel Chabrier (1841-1894)

Performed by

Dosse/Petit

12:57pm Music selected by the announcer

1:01pm Ballet de Xerxes

Composed by

Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)

Performed by

Aradia Baroque Ensemble/Mallon

1:21pm Trumpet Concerto in E flat

Composed by

Johann Baptist Georg Neruda (1708-1780)

Performed by

Touvron/Prague Chamber Orchestra

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Composed by

Edvard Grieg (1843–1907)

Performed by

Moscow Soloists/Bashmet

2:01pm Guitar Concerto

Composed by

Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887-1959)

Performed by

Isbin/NY Philharmonic/Serebrier

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Frederic Chopin (1810-1849)

Performed by

Gyorgy Cziffra

2:35pm Violin Concerto No. 2 in D minor, Op. 44

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Max Bruch (1838-1920)

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Perlman/Israel Philharmonic/Mehta

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Norbert Burgmuller (1810-1836)

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Hofkapelle Stuttgart/Bernius

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Robert Schumann (1810-1856)

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Sylviane Deferne

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Hutchins/CBC Vancouver Orchestra/Bernardi

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Maurice Ravel (1875-1937)

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Elaine Greenfield

4:14pm Suite from The Fairy Queen

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Henry Purcell (1659-1695)

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Canadian Brass

4:28pm Finlandia, Op. 26

Composed by

Jean Sibelius (1865-1957)

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Peter I. Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)

Performed by

Cincinnati Pops/Kunzel

4:45pm In Bohemia

Composed by

Mily Balakirev (1837-1910)

Performed by

Singapore Symphony/Hoey

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Jorge Federico Osorio

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5:20pm Impromptu in A flat, D. 935 No. 2

Composed by

Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

Performed by

Ingrid Haebler

5:28pm España Waltz

Composed by

Emile Waldteufel (1837-1915)

Performed by

Orchestra of the Vienna People's Opera/Bauer-Theussl

5:35pm Sonata a 3 in B Minor, Op. 1, No. 8

Composed by

Tomaso Albinoni (1671-1751)

Performed by

Parnassi Musici

5:43pm Triana from Iberia, Book 2

Composed by

Isaac Albeniz (1860-1909)

Performed by

Earl Wild

5:49pm Concertino in E flat for Clarinet & Orchestra, Op. 26

Composed by

Carl Maria von Weber (1786-1826)

Performed by

Meyer/Dresden State Orchestra/Blomstedt

5:59pm Suite from Coppelia

Composed by

Leo Delibes (1836-1891)

Performed by

Royal Scottish National Orchestra/Jarvi

6:30pm Piano Trio No. 23 in E flat

Composed by

Josef Haydn (1732-1809)

Performed by

Stern/Rose/Istomin

6:42pm Gran Sonata Eroica, Op. 150

Composed by

Mauro Giuliani (1781-1829)

Performed by

David Russell

6:52pm Music selected by the announcer

7:01pm Drop The Needle with Vince Tillona

Performed by

Vince Tillona

7:03pm Drop The Needle with Vince Tillona

Composed by

Pytor I. Tchaikovsky

Performed by

USSR Symphony Orch./Svetlanov

8:00pm Jauchzet, frohlocket! from Christmas Oratorio, BWV 248

Composed by

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)

Performed by

Hungarian Radio Chorus/Failoni Orchestra/Oberfrank

8:09pm Symphony No. 9 in C, D. 944 "Great"

Composed by

Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

Performed by

Failoni Orchestra/Halasz

9:01pm Symphony in C, "The Four Ages of the World"

Composed by

Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799)

Performed by

Failoni Orchestra/Gmur

9:20pm Symphony in G, "The Transformation of Actaeon into a Stag"

Composed by

Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799)

Performed by

Failoni Orchestra/Gmur

9:45pm Symphony in D, "The Fall of Phaeton"

Composed by

Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799)

Performed by

Failoni Orchestra/Gmur

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Composed by

Gabriel Faure (1845-1924)

Performed by

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10:24pm Incidental Music from A Midsummer Night's Dream

Composed by

Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)

Performed by

Cleveland Orchestra/Szell

10:56pm Ricercar a 3 from The Musical Offering, BWV 1079

Composed by

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)

Performed by

Andrew Rangell

11:03pm Paris Quartet No. 4 in B minor, TWV 43:h2

Composed by

Georg Philipp Telemann (1681-1767)

Performed by

Holloway/Brunmater/Duftschmid/Becker/Mortensen

11:22pm Piano Sonata No. 21 in C, Op. 53 "Waldstein"

Composed by

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)

Performed by

Eugene Istomin

11:48pm Music selected by the announcer